Los medicamentos para la alergia actúan sobre los síntomas de las reacciones alérgicas, como el picor, la congestión o los estornudos. Conoce más sobre ellos.

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¿Qué es la alergia?

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La alergia es una reacción de nuestro sistema inmunitario ante un agente extraño llamado alérgeno que puede ser de diferente origen: polen, ácaros, polvo, caspa animalincluso semillas, alimentos.

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Nuestro sistema inmunitario identifica a estos alérgenos en ocasiones como dañinos para el organismo, aunque no lo sea y fabrica anticuerpos que hacen que se libere histamina innecesariamente.

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¿Qué es la histamina?

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La histamina es una molécula que actúa en nuestro cuerpo tanto como hormona como neurotransmisor de las distintas funciones bilógicas enviando mensajes entre células es el que hace por ejemplo que el estomago produzca acido o que el cerebro se mantenga despierto, de ahí que los antihistamínicos suelan producir sueño.

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Además de estas funciones, también actúa sobre el sistema inmunitario, protegiéndonos de sustancias invasoras. El problema ocurre cuando detecta una sustancia beneficiosa como invasora y manda al sistema inmunitario a combatirlas. Es ahí cuando se convierte en nuestro enemigo, pudiendo producir desde una irritación menor, hasta una anafilaxis.

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La mayoría de las alergias no tienen cura, aunque si existen medicamentos para atenuar los síntomas y la fuerza de la reacción de la histamina.

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Síntomas de la alergia

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Los síntomas de la alergia dependen del alérgeno involucrado, pudiendo afectar desde el sistema respiratorio, ojos, piel, sistema digestivo Lo más grave es que se produzca una anafilaxia, lo que puede poner en riesgo la vida del sujeto.

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Los medicamentos para tratar la alergia se denominan antihistamínicos, que actúan bloqueando los receptores de las histaminas producidas reduciendo o eliminando sus efectos.

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Tipos de alergias

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- Alergia nasal: produce inflación de la mucosa nasal y se le denomina rinitis alérgica. Los síntomas de la rinitis alérgica son similares a los del resfriado común: congestión nasal, picor, estornudos

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- Alergia ocular: es muy frecuente y se produce cuando el alergeno entra en contacto con la membrana del ojo. A esta alergia se le denomina conjuntivitis alérgica, la cual no es contagiosa aunque produce hinchazón y enrojecimiento de los parpados y la conjuntiva, picor, lagrimeo y/o sensibilidad a la luz.

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¿Puedo comprar antialérgicos sin receta médica?

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La respuesta es sí. En Farmaciasdirect podrás comprar medicamentos para las alergias sin receta médica, y al mejor precio.

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